The day of Pentecost was the beginning of the New Covenant, God's Covenant of Grace.
In the Old Testament, the day of Pentecost (“Shavuot”) was the beginning of the Old Covenant, when the Jewish people accepted God’s Law at Mount Sinai.
The Prophet Jeremiah prophesied of God's New Covenant.
"Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel, and with the house of Judah: not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day that I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt; which my covenant they brake, although I was an husband unto them, saith the LORD: but this shall be the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel;
“After those days, saith the LORD, I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and will be their God, and they shall be my people. And they shall teach no more every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, Know the LORD: for they shall all know me, from the least of them unto the greatest of them, saith the LORD: for I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more." - Jeremiah 31:31-34 KJV
In God’s Old Covenant, His Law was written on tables of stone. (The ten commandments being a summary of the 613 commandments of the Law). In God’s New Covenant, God's Law would be written in the heart of His people. And, in His New Covenant, God would remit the sins of His people. (Acts 2:38, Hebrews 10:1-10).
Amazingly, the New Covenant that Jeremiah prophesied of began on the Day of Pentecost, the same day that the Old Covenant of the Law began at Mount Sinai. With the outpouring of God’s Spirit on the Day of Pentecost, God wrote His Law on the hearts of His followers. (Acts 2:1-4).
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